Various faces of Gender Inequality

 

Gender inequality between men and women is everywhere the same.  Gender inequality has many distinct and dissimilar faces in various cultures of the world. That ―gender inequality exists in most of part of the world, from Japan to Morocco, from       United Kingdom to United States.

. It can take many different forms. Gender inequality is not one homogeneous phenomenon, but a collection of different and interlinked problems.

It  can be identified of seven types

1. Mortality inequality,

2. Natality inequality,

3. Basic facility inequality,

4. Special opportunity inequality,

5. Professional inequality,

6. Ownership inequality and

7. Household inequality.

Let’s discuss all the seven points one by one

(1) Mortality inequality: It means the inequality between the population of man and woman. In some regions in the world, inequality between women and men directly involves matters of life and death and takes the brutal form of unusually high mortality rates of women. Mortality inequality has been observed extensively in North Africa and in Asia, including China and South Asia. According to a survey the average life span of man are 90 to 95 years in comparison to woman which is only 60 to 65  years.

(2) Natality inequality: In many countries of the world a preference for boys over girls are given. Gender inequality can itself in the form of the parents wanting the new-born to be a boy rather than a girl. There was a time when this could be no more than a wish, but with the availability of modern techniques to determine the gender of the foetus, sex-selective abortion has become common in many countries. It is beginning to emerge in India  at a time but government banned it a right time but this practice is taking place in some parts of our country instead of banned by government.

(3) Basic facility inequality:  In many countries in Asia and Africa, and also in Latin America, where girls have to face a lot of discrimination for their education. Girls are not encouraged to cultivate one's hidden talent.

(4) Special opportunity inequality:  This type of inequality can be seen in many countries of Europe and North America and is similar to basic facility inequality in which a lots of discrimination is seen in girls education.

(5) Professional inequality: In terms of employment as well as promotion in work and occupation, women often face greater handicap than men. In a country like Japan may be quite egalitarian in matters of demography or basic facilities, and even, to a great extent, in higher education, and yet progress to elevated levels of employment and occupation seems to be much more problematic for women than for men.

(6) Ownership inequality: In many societies the ownership of property can also be very unequal. Even basic assets such as homes and land may be very badly shared. The absence of claims to property can not only reduce the voice of women, but also make it harder for women to enter and flourish in commercial, economic and even some social activities.² This type of inequality has existed in most parts of the world, though there are also local variations.

(7) Household inequality: Basic inequalities in gender relations within the family or the household, which can take many different forms. The family arrangements can be quite unequal in terms of sharing the burden of housework and child care. It is, for example, quite common in many societies to take it for granted that while men will naturally work outside the home, women could do it if and only if they could combine it with various inescapable and unequally shared household duties.